2025 Medical Review Officer Online Course with Live Discussion (Includes Digital Syllabus)-Tab 4

Video Transcription

Video Summary

The lecture covers substance use disorders, emphasizing that a positive drug test alone does not indicate a substance use disorder. It reviews various definitions, including addictive disease characterized by compulsion and loss of control, and substance use disorder as defined in the DSM-5, which categorizes severity based on 11 criteria such as craving, tolerance, withdrawal, and continued use despite harm. Different patterns of substance use are described: experimental, recreational, and circumstantial. The SAMHSA five substances (amphetamine, cocaine, THC, opiates, PCP) are standard for testing but may not cover all prevalent drugs. Drug categories and their effects include opioids (heroin, morphine, prescription opioids), stimulants (cocaine, amphetamines, bath salts), psychedelics (marijuana, LSD, ecstasy), sedatives (alcohol, benzodiazepines), and inhalants (solvents, glues). Each category has characteristic symptoms, routes of administration, and treatment challenges, including overdose and withdrawal. Rehabilitation begins with problem identification and admission, involving individualized inpatient or outpatient care, behavioral therapies, self-help groups, and medications like methadone and buprenorphine. Treatment shows social and economic benefits, with maintenance therapy increasingly viewed as a chronic disease management approach. The history of recognizing addiction as an illness is touched upon, including Alcoholics Anonymous and the AMA's 1956 declaration of alcoholism as a disease.

Keywords

Substance Use Disorder

DSM-5 Criteria

Drug Testing

Addiction Treatment

Drug Categories

Rehabilitation

Methadone Maintenance